A retrospective survey comparing suture techniques regarding the risk of permanent epicardial pacemaker implantation after ventricular septal defect closure

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the continuous and combined suturing techniques in regards to the needing epicardial pacing at the time of weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (EP-CPB) and to evaluate permanent epicardial pacemaker (PEP) implantation in patients who had undergone surgical ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure. Methods: This single-centre retrospective survey includes 365 patients who had consecutively undergone VSD closure between January 2006 and October 2015. Results: The median age and weight of the patients were 15 months (range 27 days - 56.9 years) and 10 kg (range 3.5 - 100 kg), respectively. Continuous and combined suturing techniques were utilised in 302 (82.7%) and 63 (17.3%) patients, respectively. While 25 (6.8%) patients required EP-CPB, PEP was implanted in eight (2.2%) patients. Comparison of the continuous and combined suturing techniques regarding the need for EP-CPB (72% vs. 28%, P=0.231) and PEP implantation (87.5% vs. 12.5%, P=1.0) were not statistically significant. The rate of PEP implantation in patients with perimembraneous VSD without extension and perimembraneous VSD with inlet extension did not reveal significant difference between the suture techniques (P=1.0 and P=0.16, respectively). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, large VSD (P=0.001; OR 8.63; P=0.011) and perimembraneous VSD with inlet extension (P<0.001; OR 9.02; P=0.005) had a significant influence on PEP implantation. Conclusion: Both suturing techniques were comparable regarding the need for EP-CPB or PEP implantation. Caution should be exercised when closing a large perimembraneous VSD with inlet extension.

Factores de riesgo relacionados a la falla de la sutura meniscal en niños y adolescentes / Risk factors related to meniscal suture failure in children and adolescents

Las lesiones meniscales en niños son cada día más frecuentes. La preservación meniscal es una prioridad en este grupo de pacientes, sin embargo, existen pocos artículos que muestran los resultados de suturas meniscales en niños. OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio es identificar factores de riesgo de falla en pacientes sometidos a una sutura meniscal en niños menores de 18 años. MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo de 35 pacientes sometidos a una sutura meniscal, con una edad promedio de 16 años (13­18) y un seguimiento de 71 meses de media (16­115). Se evaluaron 6 variables: tipo, localización y tamaño de la lesión, edad, técnica quirúrgica y asociación a rotura de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA). Los pacientes que presentaron falla de la sutura meniscal fueron identificados y sometidos a una regresión logística usando un modelo Stata V.14.0. RESULTADOS: 9 pacientes (24.3%) presentaron una falla en su cirugía durante el seguimiento. Lesiones iniciales mayores a 16 mm mostraron una tasa de re-rotura de un 73% independiente de la técnica quirúrgica. En lesiones menores a 16 mm, se obtuvo un 78% de reparaciones exitosas. No se encontró relación entre la re-rotura meniscal y lesión de LCA, tipo y localización de la lesión, técnica quirúrgica y edad de los pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: Este estudio muestra que la reparación meniscal en niños tiene buenos resultados con una tasa de éxito promedio de un 75%. El riesgo de falla de sutura meniscal se correlacionó con el tamaño inicial de la lesión con un 73% de fallo en lesiones mayores a 16 mm independientemente del tipo de cirugía.

Meniscal tears are uncommon in the pediatric population, with an increasing number. Currently meniscal preservation is a priority when treating these injuries. However, only a few studies have reported the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic meniscal repair in children and its risk factors of failure. OBJECTIVE: Identify risk factors related to meniscal suture failure in patients under 18 years who underwent a meniscal repair. METHODS: Retrospective study of 35 patients with an average age of 16 years (13 - 18) who underwent arthroscopic meniscal repair with a mean follow up of 71.1 months (16­115). We evaluate 6 variables: type, location and size of meniscal tear, age, surgical technique and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) association. Patients with re-rupture were identified and statistical analysis was performed through a logistic regression model using Stata V.14.0. RESULTS: 9 patients (24.3%) presented a suture failure during follow-up. Average time for re-rupture was 16 months (4­60 months). With an initial tear size of 16 mm or bigger, 73% of the meniscal repair will fail despite surgery technique. With an initial tear size smaller than 16 mm, 78% of will heal. No association was found between meniscal re-rupture and ACL rupture, type and location of tear, surgical technique and age. Conclusion: In our study meniscal repairs in pediatric population had good overall results with a global healing rate of 75.7%. The risk of suture failure was related to the initial size of meniscal tear: when meniscal tear is bigger than 16 mm, 73% of them will fail despite surgery.

Histological analysis of the repair of dural lesions with silicone mesh in rats subjected to experimental lesions / Análise histológica do reparo de lesões da dura com tela de silicone em ratos submetidos à lesão experimental

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate inflammatory reaction, fibrosis and neovascularization in dural repairs in Wistar rats using four techniques: simple suture, bovine collagen membrane, silicon mesh and silicon mesh with suture. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were randomized in five groups: the first was the control group, submitted to dural tear only. The others underwent durotomy and simple suture, bovine collagen membrane, silicon mesh and silicon mesh with suture. Animals were euthanized and the spine was submitted to histological evaluation with a score system (ranging from zero to 3) for inflammation, neovascularization and fibrosis. Results Fibrosis was significantly different between simple suture and silicon mesh (p=0.005) and between simple suture and mesh with suture (p=0.015), showing that fibrosis is more intense when a foreign body is used in the repair. Bovine membrane was significantly different from mesh plus suture (p=0.011) regarding vascularization. Inflammation was significantly different between simple suture and bovine collagen membrane. Conclusion Silicon mesh, compared to other commercial products available, is a possible alternative for dural repair. More studies are necessary to confirm these findings.

RESUMO Objetivo : Avaliar reação inflamatória, fibrose e neovascularização da reparação da lesão dural em ratos Wistar, comparando quatro diferentes técnicas: pontos simples, membrana de colágeno bovino, tela de silicone e tela de silicone associada a pontos simples. Métodos : Trinta ratos Wistar foram randomizados em cinco grupos: o primeiro foi um grupo controle, submetido somente à durotomia. Os outros também foram submetidos à durotomia, porém sofreram sutura simples, reparo com membrana de colágeno bovino, tela de silicone e tela de silicone com sutura. Os animais foram sacrificados, e a coluna foi submetida à avaliação histológica com um escore (variando de zero a 3) para inflamação, neovascularização e fibrose. Resultados : A fibrose foi significativamente diferente, comparando-se sutura simples e tela de silicone (p=0,005) e sutura simples e tela com fio de sutura (p=0,015), demonstrando que a fibrose foi mais intensa quando um corpo estranho foi utilizado na reparação. Membrana bovina foi significativamente diferente da tela mais sutura (p=0,011) em relação à vascularização. A inflamação foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos submetidos à sutura simples e ao reparo com membrana de colágeno bovino. Conclusão : A tela de silicone, comparada com produtos similares com disponibilidade comercial, é uma possível alternativa como protetor de dura-máter. Mais estudos são necessários para comprovar esses resultados.

comparative study of two suture configurations in zone II flexor tendon repair in adults

Although the increase in the number of core sutures during flexor tendon repair increases the tensile strength of the repair, both increased handling at the time of repair and increased bulk at the repair site have been hypothesized as affecting clinical outcomes by increasing gliding resistance. The purpose of our study was to assess whether increasing the number of core sutures from two strands to four strands in zone II flexor tendon repair could improve the clinical results. A total of 42 patients with 60 flexor tendon lacerations in zone II were enrolled in this study. The injured tendon randomly underwent surgical repair by using one of the 2-strand or 4-strand modified Strickland techniques. Postoperative rehabilitation was the active extension-rubber band flexion method of Kleinert in all patients. The average duration of follow up was 8 months. The mean total active motion was 155.16° in 2-strand group [excluding two ruptures] and 154.33° in 4-strand group [P > 0.05]. Using Strickland's original score, this corresponds to excellent result in 83.3% and 86.6% of patients in 2-strand group and 4-strand group, respectively. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the clinical outcomes obtained in these groups. Concerning the tendon rupture after the repair, all of the ruptures [2 cases] occurred in the 2-strand group [P > 0.05]. We concluded that both suture strength and gliding resistance have influence on the result of flexor tendon repair in zone II, and increasing the number of core sutures and the resulting suture strength may be negatively affected by increase in gliding resistance

Estudio experimental de la anastomosis del colédoco con sutura contínua / Experimental study of the choledocal anastomosis with continuos suture

El amplio uso de sutura contínua en la cirugía digestiva nos indujo a emplearla en la anastomosis del colédoco. Con la hipótesis de que esta técnica no provoca estenosis efectuamos un experimento sucesional provocado. Se operaron 21 perros practicándoseles una anastomosis coledociana con sutura contínua de polipropileno 6-0. Seguimiento P.O. con G.O.T.. G.P.T.. Fosfatasa alcalina y Bilirrubina. Se efectuó además estudio bactereológico en bilis para aerobios y anaerobios, colangiografía y anatomía patológica. Los animales se sacrificaron a 7, 25 y 150 días. A los 7 días se encontró importante proceso inflamatorio pericoledociano que provocó una estenosis anastomótica incompleta y pasajera, que se tradujo en "pequeño síndrome de hipertensión biliar". Las alteraciones retroceden encontrando a los 150 días valores de laboratorio y dimensiones del colédoco normales. Concluímos que la anastomosis del colédoco con sutura contínua es segura y que en este modelo experimental no provocó estenosis postoperatoria

Plástica de eventraciones abdominales con un plano de sutura contínua / Chronic abdominal wound hernia repair with a single layer continuous suture

Se evaluó en 50 enfermos consecutivos la utilidad de una sutura contínua en un plano para la reparación de eventraciones abdominales crónicas, utilizando en 47 casos nylon monofilamento n*2 y en 3 poliglicólico n*o. La técnica fue de ejecución sencilla y rápida, con un mínimo número de nudos y evitando disecciones excesivas. No hubo mortalidad operatoria. Se registró una incidencia de infección de herida comparable a otras experiencia (14%) y una menor proporción de hematomas y granulomas por nudos (2%y 4%respectivamente). Hubo un 6%de recidivas (3 enfermos), todas en casos con factores predisponentes. Se concluye que es de interés ampliar la experiencia con esta técnica, para establecer si puede ser la de elección en la reparación de eventraciones abdominales